Beneficiation

• October 11, 2026

  Financing critical-mineral infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa: Developmental de-risking or green financial extractivism in the DRC and Zimbabwe?

  

  Kennedy Manduna (CASAS’ member) and Paul Mukoki have published this paper in Resources Policy. Abstract: The global shift towards low-carbon energy systems has heightened demand for copper, cobalt, and lithium, driving investment in African mineral projects. However, developmental outcomes are shaped not only by extraction and processing but also by the financial structures underpinning these…